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Social Studies Skills - World Geography

1

Earth–Sun Relationship – Rotation, Revolution, Tilt

WG.3A (WG.3A) Geography.The student understands how physical processes shape patterns in the physical environment. The student is expected to explain weather conditions and climate in relation to annual changes in Earth-Sun relationships.
WG.22A (WG.22A) Social studies skills.The student communicates in written, oral, and visual forms. The student is expected to design and draw appropriate graphics such as maps, diagrams, tables, and graphs to communicate geographic features distributions, and relationships.

2

Earth–Sun Relationship - Seasons

WG.3A (WG.3A) Geography.The student understands how physical processes shape patterns in the physical environment. The student is expected to explain weather conditions and climate in relation to annual changes in Earth-Sun relationships.
WG.23A (WG.23A) Social studies skills.The student uses problem-solving and decision-making skills, working independently and with others, in a variety of settings. The student is expected to plan, organize, and complete a research project that involves asking geographic questions; acquiring, organizing, and analyzing information; answering questions; and communicating results.

3

Physical Processes that Shape the Environment – Earth's Four Spheres

WG.3C (WG.3C) Geography.The student understands how physical processes shape patterns in the physical environment. The student is expected to examine the physical processes that affect the lithosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere.
WG.22A (WG.22A) Social studies skills.The student communicates in written, oral, and visual forms. The student is expected to design and draw appropriate graphics such as maps, diagrams, tables, and graphs to communicate geographic features distributions, and relationships.
WG.2B (WG.2B) Geography.The student understands how people, places, and environments have changed over time and the effects of these changes. The student is expected to explain how changes in societies have led to diverse uses of physical features.

4

Factors Affecting Climate – Global Wind Patterns

WG.3B (WG.3B) Geography.The student understands how physical processes shape patterns in the physical environment. The student is expected to describe the physical processes that affect the environments of regions, including weather, tectonic forces, erosion, and soil-building processes.
WG.21C (WG.21C) Social studies skills.The student applies critical-thinking skills to organize and use information acquired from a variety of valid sources, including electronic technology. The student is expected to create and interpret different types of maps to answer geographic questions, infer relationships, and analyze change.

5

Factors Affecting Climate – Ocean Currents

WG.4A (WG.4A) Geography.The student understands the patterns and characteristics of major landforms, climates, and ecosystems of Earth and the interrelated processes that produce them. The student is expected to explain how elevation, latitude, wind systems, ocean currents, position on a continent, and mountain barriers influence temperature, precipitation, and distribution of climate regions.
WG.22A (WG.22A) Social studies skills.The student communicates in written, oral, and visual forms. The student is expected to design and draw appropriate graphics such as maps, diagrams, tables, and graphs to communicate geographic features distributions, and relationships.

6

Tectonic Forces

WG.3B (WG.3B) Geography.The student understands how physical processes shape patterns in the physical environment. The student is expected to describe the physical processes that affect the environments of regions, including weather, tectonic forces, erosion, and soil-building processes.
WG.4B (WG.4B) Geography.The student understands the patterns and characteristics of major landforms, climates, and ecosystems of Earth and the interrelated processes that produce them. The student is expected to describe different landforms and the physical processes that cause their development.
WG.21C (WG.21C) Social studies skills.The student applies critical-thinking skills to organize and use information acquired from a variety of valid sources, including electronic technology. The student is expected to create and interpret different types of maps to answer geographic questions, infer relationships, and analyze change.

7

Weathering and Erosion

WG.3B (WG.3B) Geography.The student understands how physical processes shape patterns in the physical environment. The student is expected to describe the physical processes that affect the environments of regions, including weather, tectonic forces, erosion, and soil-building processes.
WG.4B (WG.4B) Geography.The student understands the patterns and characteristics of major landforms, climates, and ecosystems of Earth and the interrelated processes that produce them. The student is expected to describe different landforms and the physical processes that cause their development.
WG.22A (WG.22A) Social studies skills.The student communicates in written, oral, and visual forms. The student is expected to design and draw appropriate graphics such as maps, diagrams, tables, and graphs to communicate geographic features distributions, and relationships.

8

The Hydrosphere – Surface Water

WG.4B (WG.4B) Geography.The student understands the patterns and characteristics of major landforms, climates, and ecosystems of Earth and the interrelated processes that produce them. The student is expected to describe different landforms and the physical processes that cause their development.
WG.12A (WG.12A) Economics.The student understands the economic importance of, and issues related to, the location and management of resources. The student is expected to analyze how the creation, distribution, and management of key natural resources affects the location and patterns of movement of products, money, and people.
WG.21C (WG.21C) Social studies skills.The student applies critical-thinking skills to organize and use information acquired from a variety of valid sources, including electronic technology. The student is expected to create and interpret different types of maps to answer geographic questions, infer relationships, and analyze change.

9

Environmental Issues - Wetlands

WG.1A (WG.1A) History.The student understands how geography and processes of spatial exchange (diffusion) influenced events in the past and helped to shape the present. The student is expected to analyze the effects of physical and human geographic patterns and processes on the past and describe their impact on the present, including significant physical features and environmental conditions that influenced migration patterns and shaped the distribution of culture groups today.
WG.23C (WG.23C) Social studies skills.The student uses problem-solving and decision-making skills, working independently and with others, in a variety of settings. The student is expected to use problem-solving and decision-making processes to identify a problem, gather information, list and consider options, consider advantages and disadvantages, choose and implement a solution, and evaluate the effectiveness of the solution.

1

Human Modifications to the Environment

WG.1A (WG.1A) History.The student understands how geography and processes of spatial exchange (diffusion) influenced events in the past and helped to shape the present. The student is expected to analyze the effects of physical and human geographic patterns and processes on the past and describe their impact on the present, including significant physical features and environmental conditions that influenced migration patterns and shaped the distribution of culture groups today.
WG.8A (WG.8A) Geography.The student understands how people, places, and environments are connected and interdependent. The student is expected to compare ways that humans depend on, adapt to, and modify the physical environment, including the influences of culture and technology.
WG.22B (WG.22B) Social studies skills.The student communicates in written, oral, and visual forms. The student is expected to generate summaries, generalizations, and thesis statements supported by evidence.

2

Impact of Technological Innovations on Agriculture

WG.19C (WG.19C) Science, technology and society.The student understands the impact of technology and human modifications on the physical environment. The student is expected to examine the environmental, economic, and social impacts of advances in technology on agriculture and natural resources.
WG.22A (WG.22A) Social studies skills.The student communicates in written, oral, and visual forms. The student is expected to design and draw appropriate graphics such as maps, diagrams, tables, and graphs to communicate geographic features distributions, and relationships.

3

Transportation and Communication

WG.19A (WG.19A) Science, technology and society.The student understands the impact of technology and human modifications on the physical environment. The student is expected to evaluate the significance of major technological innovations in the areas of transportation and energy that have been used to modify the physical environment.
WG.22B (WG.22B) Social studies skills.The student communicates in written, oral, and visual forms. The student is expected to generate summaries, generalizations, and thesis statements supported by evidence.

4

Urbanization – Growth of Cities

WG.6A (WG.6A) Geography.The student understands the types, patterns, and processes of settlement. The student is expected to locate and describe human and physical features that influence the size and distribution of settlements.
WG.6B (WG.6B) Geography.The student understands the types, patterns, and processes of settlement. The student is expected to explain the processes that have caused changes in settlement patterns, including urbanization, transportation, access to and availability of resources and economic activities.
WG.22B (WG.22B) Social studies skills.The student communicates in written, oral, and visual forms. The student is expected to generate summaries, generalizations, and thesis statements supported by evidence.

5

Urban and Rural Populations

WG.6A (WG.6A) Geography.The student understands the types, patterns, and processes of settlement. The student is expected to locate and describe human and physical features that influence the size and distribution of settlements.
WG.8C (WG.8C) Geography.The student understands how people, places, and environments are connected and interdependent. The student is expected to evaluate the economic and political relationships between settlements and the environment, including sustainable development and renewable/non-renewable resources.
WG.11A (WG.11A) Economics.The student understands how geography influences economic activities. The student is expected to understand the connections between levels of development and economic activities (primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary).
WG.22B (WG.22B) Social studies skills.The student communicates in written, oral, and visual forms. The student is expected to generate summaries, generalizations, and thesis statements supported by evidence.

6

Urban Problems

WG.8A (WG.8A) Geography.The student understands how people, places, and environments are connected and interdependent. The student is expected to compare ways that humans depend on, adapt to, and modify the physical environment, including the influences of culture and technology.
WG.8C (WG.8C) Geography.The student understands how people, places, and environments are connected and interdependent. The student is expected to evaluate the economic and political relationships between settlements and the environment, including sustainable development and renewable/non-renewable resources.
WG.22B (WG.22B) Social studies skills.The student communicates in written, oral, and visual forms. The student is expected to generate summaries, generalizations, and thesis statements supported by evidence.

7

Interdependence/Globalization

WG.8A (WG.8A) Geography.The student understands how people, places, and environments are connected and interdependent. The student is expected to compare ways that humans depend on, adapt to, and modify the physical environment, including the influences of culture and technology.
WG.10D (WG.10D) Economics. The student understands the distribution, characteristics, and interactions of the economic systems in the world. The student is expected to compare global trade patterns over time and examine the implications of globalization, including outsourcing and free trade zones.
WG.16D (WG.16D) Culture.The student understands how the components of culture affect the way people live and shape the characteristics of regions. The student is expected to compare life in a variety of urban and rural areas in the world to evaluate political, economic, social, and environmental changes.
WG.22B (WG.22B) Social studies skills.The student communicates in written, oral, and visual forms. The student is expected to generate summaries, generalizations, and thesis statements supported by evidence.

1

Population Density and Distribution

WG.7C (WG.7C) Geography. The student understands the growth, distribution, movement, and characteristics of world population. The student is expected to describe trends in world population growth and distribution.
WG.21A (WG.21A) Social studies skills.The student applies critical-thinking skills to organize and use information acquired from a variety of valid sources, including electronic technology. The student is expected to analyze and evaluate the validity, and utility of multiple sources of geographic information such as primary and secondary sources, aerial photographs, and maps.

2

Impact of Geography on Population Distribution

WG.6A (WG.6A) Geography.The student understands the types, patterns, and processes of settlement. The student is expected to locate and describe human and physical features that influence the size and distribution of settlements.
WG.8B (WG.8B) Geography.The student understands how people, places, and environments are connected and interdependent. The student is expected to describe the interaction between humans and the physical environment and analyze the consequences of extreme weather and other natural disasters such as El Niño, floods, droughts, and hurricanes tsunamis, and volcanoes.
WG.21A (WG.21A) Social studies skills.The student applies critical-thinking skills to organize and use information acquired from a variety of valid sources, including electronic technology. The student is expected to analyze and evaluate the validity, and utility of multiple sources of geographic information such as primary and secondary sources, aerial photographs, and maps.

3

Population Distribution and Climate

WG.6A (WG.6A) Geography.The student understands the types, patterns, and processes of settlement. The student is expected to locate and describe human and physical features that influence the size and distribution of settlements.
WG.8B (WG.8B) Geography.The student understands how people, places, and environments are connected and interdependent. The student is expected to describe the interaction between humans and the physical environment and analyze the consequences of extreme weather and other natural disasters such as El Niño, floods, droughts, and hurricanes tsunamis, and volcanoes.
WG.21A (WG.21A) Social studies skills.The student applies critical-thinking skills to organize and use information acquired from a variety of valid sources, including electronic technology. The student is expected to analyze and evaluate the validity, and utility of multiple sources of geographic information such as primary and secondary sources, aerial photographs, and maps.

4

Birth and Death Rates

WG.7C (WG.7C) Geography. The student understands the growth, distribution, movement, and characteristics of world population. The student is expected to describe trends in world population growth and distribution.
WG.22B (WG.22B) Social studies skills.The student communicates in written, oral, and visual forms. The student is expected to generate summaries, generalizations, and thesis statements supported by evidence.

5

Population Change and Trends

WG.7A (WG.7A) Geography. The student understands the growth, distribution, movement, and characteristics of world population. The student is expected to construct and analyze population pyramids and use other data, graphics, and maps to describe the population characteristics of different societies and to predict future population trends.
WG.7C (WG.7C) Geography. The student understands the growth, distribution, movement, and characteristics of world population. The student is expected to describe trends in world population growth and distribution.
WG.8C (WG.8C) Geography.The student understands how people, places, and environments are connected and interdependent. The student is expected to evaluate the economic and political relationships between settlements and the environment, including sustainable development and renewable/non-renewable resources.

6

Creating Population Pyramids

WG.7A (WG.7A) Geography. The student understands the growth, distribution, movement, and characteristics of world population. The student is expected to construct and analyze population pyramids and use other data, graphics, and maps to describe the population characteristics of different societies and to predict future population trends.
WG.22A (WG.22A) Social studies skills.The student communicates in written, oral, and visual forms. The student is expected to design and draw appropriate graphics such as maps, diagrams, tables, and graphs to communicate geographic features distributions, and relationships.

7

Analyzing Population Pyramids

WG.1A (WG.1A) History.The student understands how geography and processes of spatial exchange (diffusion) influenced events in the past and helped to shape the present. The student is expected to analyze the effects of physical and human geographic patterns and processes on the past and describe their impact on the present, including significant physical features and environmental conditions that influenced migration patterns and shaped the distribution of culture groups today.
WG.7A (WG.7A) Geography. The student understands the growth, distribution, movement, and characteristics of world population. The student is expected to construct and analyze population pyramids and use other data, graphics, and maps to describe the population characteristics of different societies and to predict future population trends.
WG.22B (WG.22B) Social studies skills.The student communicates in written, oral, and visual forms. The student is expected to generate summaries, generalizations, and thesis statements supported by evidence.

1

Spatial Diffusion – Historical Event

WG.18A (WG.18A) Culture.The student understands the ways in which cultures change and maintain continuity. The student is expected to analyze cultural changes in specific regions caused by migration, war, trade, innovations, and diffusion.
WG.22B (WG.22B) Social studies skills.The student communicates in written, oral, and visual forms. The student is expected to generate summaries, generalizations, and thesis statements supported by evidence.

2

Spatial Diffusion - Phenomenon

WG.1B (WG.1B) History.The student understands how geography and processes of spatial exchange (diffusion) influenced events in the past and helped to shape the present. The student is expected to trace the spatial diffusion of phenomena such as the Columbian Exchange or the diffusion of American popular culture and describe the effects on regions of contact.
WG.18A (WG.18A) Culture.The student understands the ways in which cultures change and maintain continuity. The student is expected to analyze cultural changes in specific regions caused by migration, war, trade, innovations, and diffusion.
WG.22A (WG.22A) Social studies skills.The student communicates in written, oral, and visual forms. The student is expected to design and draw appropriate graphics such as maps, diagrams, tables, and graphs to communicate geographic features distributions, and relationships.

3

Geographical Influences on Settlement Patterns

WG.6A (WG.6A) Geography.The student understands the types, patterns, and processes of settlement. The student is expected to locate and describe human and physical features that influence the size and distribution of settlements.
WG.6B (WG.6B) Geography. The student understands the types, patterns, and processes of settlement. The student is expected to explain the processes that have caused changes in settlement patterns, including urbanization, transportation, access to and availability of resources and economic activities.
WG.22B (WG.22B) Social studies skills.The student communicates in written, oral, and visual forms. The student is expected to generate summaries, generalizations, and thesis statements supported by evidence.

4

Settlement Patterns and Climate

WG.6A (WG.6A) Geography.The student understands the types, patterns, and processes of settlement. The student is expected to locate and describe human and physical features that influence the size and distribution of settlements.
WG.8B (WG.8B) Geography.The student understands how people, places, and environments are connected and interdependent. The student is expected to describe the interaction between humans and the physical environment and analyze the consequences of extreme weather and other natural disasters such as El Niño, floods, droughts, and hurricanes tsunamis, and volcanoes.
WG.22A (WG.22A) Social studies skills.The student communicates in written, oral, and visual forms. The student is expected to design and draw appropriate graphics such as maps, diagrams, tables, and graphs to communicate geographic features distributions, and relationships.

5

Reasons for Human Migration

WG.1A (WG.1A) History.The student understands how geography and processes of spatial exchange (diffusion) influenced events in the past and helped to shape the present. The student is expected to analyze the effects of physical and human geographic patterns and processes on the past and describe their impact on the present, including significant physical features and environmental conditions that influenced migration patterns and shaped the distribution of culture groups today.
WG.7B (WG.7B) Geography. The student understands the growth, distribution, movement, and characteristics of world population. The student is expected to explain how political, economic, social, and environmental push and pull factors and physical geography affect the routes, and flows of human migration.
WG.23B (WG.23B) Social studies skills.The student uses problem-solving and decision-making skills, working independently and with others, in a variety of settings. The student is expected to use case studies and GIS to identify contemporary challenges and to answer real-world questions.

6

Forced Migration

WG.1A (WG.1A) History.The student understands how geography and processes of spatial exchange (diffusion) influenced events in the past and helped to shape the present. The student is expected to analyze the effects of physical and human geographic patterns and processes on the past and describe their impact on the present, including significant physical features and environmental conditions that influenced migration patterns and shaped the distribution of culture groups today.
WG.1B (WG.1B) History.The student understands how geography and processes of spatial exchange (diffusion) influenced events in the past and helped to shape the present. The student is expected to trace the spatial diffusion of phenomena such as the Columbian Exchange or the diffusion of American popular culture and describe the effects on regions of contact.
WG.8B (WG.8B) Geography.The student understands how people, places, and environments are connected and interdependent. The student is expected to describe the interaction between humans and the physical environment and analyze the consequences of extreme weather and other natural disasters such as El Niño, floods, droughts, and hurricanes tsunamis, and volcanoes.
WG.8C (WG.8C) Geography.The student understands how people, places, and environments are connected and interdependent. The student is expected to evaluate the economic and political relationships between settlements and the environment, including sustainable development and renewable/non-renewable resources.
WG.22A (WG.22A) Social studies skills.The student communicates in written, oral, and visual forms. The student is expected to design and draw appropriate graphics such as maps, diagrams, tables, and graphs to communicate geographic features distributions, and relationships.

7

Comparing Human Migrations

WG.1A (WG.1A) History.The student understands how geography and processes of spatial exchange (diffusion) influenced events in the past and helped to shape the present. The student is expected to analyze the effects of physical and human geographic patterns and processes on the past and describe their impact on the present, including significant physical features and environmental conditions that influenced migration patterns and shaped the distribution of culture groups today.
WG.1B (WG.1B) History.The student understands how geography and processes of spatial exchange (diffusion) influenced events in the past and helped to shape the present. The student is expected to trace the spatial diffusion of phenomena such as the Columbian Exchange or the diffusion of American popular culture and describe the effects on regions of contact.
WG.18A (WG.18A) Culture.The student understands the ways in which cultures change and maintain continuity. The student is expected to analyze cultural changes in specific regions caused by migration, war, trade, innovations, and diffusion.
WG.18B (WG.18B) Culture.The student understands the ways in which cultures change and maintain continuity. The student is expected to assess causes, effects, and perceptions of conflicts between groups of people, including modern genocides and terrorism.
WG.22B (WG.22B) Social studies skills.The student communicates in written, oral, and visual forms. The student is expected to generate summaries, generalizations, and thesis statements supported by evidence.

8

Cultural Convergence and Divergence

WG.1A (WG.1A) History.The student understands how geography and processes of spatial exchange (diffusion) influenced events in the past and helped to shape the present. The student is expected to analyze the effects of physical and human geographic patterns and processes on the past and describe their impact on the present, including significant physical features and environmental conditions that influenced migration patterns and shaped the distribution of culture groups today.
WG.18D (WG.18D) Culture.The student understands the ways in which cultures change and maintain continuity. The student is expected to evaluate the spread of cultural traits to find examples of cultural convergence and divergence such as the spread of democratic ideas, U.S.-based fast-food franchises, the English language, technology, or global sports.
WG.23B (WG.23B) Social studies skills.The student uses problem-solving and decision-making skills, working independently and with others, in a variety of settings. The student is expected to use case studies and GIS to identify contemporary challenges and to answer real-world questions.

1

Comparing Economic Systems

WG.10A (WG.10A) Economics. The student understands the distribution, characteristics, and interactions of the economic systems in the world. The student is expected to describe the forces that determine the distribution of goods and services in free-enterprise, socialist, and communist economic systems.
WG.10C (WG.10C) Economics. The student understands the distribution, characteristics, and interactions of the economic systems in the world. The student is expected to compare the ways people satisfy their basic needs through the production of goods and services such as subsistence agriculture versus commercial agriculture or cottage industries versus commercial industries.
WG.11A (WG.11A) Economics.The student understands how geography influences economic activities. The student is expected to understand the connections between levels of development and economic activities (primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary).
WG.11B (WG.11B) Economics.The student understands how geography influences economic activities. The student is expected to identify the factors affecting the location of different types of economic activities, including subsistence agriculture, manufacturing, and service industries.
WG.21A (WG.21A) Social studies skills.The student applies critical-thinking skills to organize and use information acquired from a variety of valid sources, including electronic technology. The student is expected to analyze and evaluate the validity, and utility of multiple sources of geographic information such as primary and secondary sources, aerial photographs, and maps.

2

Types of Economic Activities

WG.11A (WG.11A) Economics.The student understands how geography influences economic activities. The student is expected to understand the connections between levels of development and economic activities (primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary).
WG.11B (WG.11B) Economics.The student understands how geography influences economic activities. The student is expected to identify the factors affecting the location of different types of economic activities, including subsistence agriculture, manufacturing, and service industries.
WG.22B (WG.22B) Social studies skills.The student communicates in written, oral, and visual forms. The student is expected to generate summaries, generalizations, and thesis statements supported by evidence.

3

Rural Geography and Economy

WG.10C (WG.10C) Economics. The student understands the distribution, characteristics, and interactions of the economic systems in the world. The student is expected to compare the ways people satisfy their basic needs through the production of goods and services such as subsistence agriculture versus commercial agriculture or cottage industries versus commercial industries.
WG.11B (WG.11B) Economics.The student understands how geography influences economic activities. The student is expected to identify the factors affecting the location of different types of economic activities, including subsistence agriculture, manufacturing, and service industries.
WG.11C (WG.11C) Economics.The student understands how geography influences economic activities. The student is expected to assess how changes in climate, resources, and infrastructure (technology, transportation, and communication) affect the location and patterns of economic activities.
WG.22B (WG.22B) Social studies skills.The student communicates in written, oral, and visual forms. The student is expected to generate summaries, generalizations, and thesis statements supported by evidence.

4

International Economics and World Trade

WG.11A (WG.11A) Economics.The student understands how geography influences economic activities. The student is expected to understand the connections between levels of development and economic activities (primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary).
WG.11B (WG.11B) Economics.The student understands how geography influences economic activities. The student is expected to identify the factors affecting the location of different types of economic activities, including subsistence agriculture, manufacturing, and service industries.
WG.11C (WG.11C) Economics.The student understands how geography influences economic activities. The student is expected to assess how changes in climate, resources, and infrastructure (technology, transportation, and communication) affect the location and patterns of economic activities.
WG.12A (WG.12A) Economics. The student understands the economic importance of, and issues related to, the location and management of resources. The student is expected to analyze how the creation, distribution, and management of key natural resources affects the location and patterns of movement of products, money, and people.
WG.22B (WG.22B) Social studies skills.The student communicates in written, oral, and visual forms. The student is expected to generate summaries, generalizations, and thesis statements supported by evidence.
WG.23B (WG.23B) Social studies skills.The student uses problem-solving and decision-making skills, working independently and with others, in a variety of settings. The student is expected to use case studies and GIS to identify contemporary challenges and to answer real-world questions.

5

Level of Development

WG.5B (WG.5B) Geography. The student understands how political, economic, and social processes shape cultural patterns and characteristics in various places and regions. The student is expected to interpret political, economic, social, and demographic indicators (gross domestic product per capita, life expectancy, literacy, and infant mortality) to determine the level of development and standard of living in nations using the terms Human Development Index, less developed, newly industrialized, and more developed.
WG.8A (WG.8A) Geography.The student understands how people, places, and environments are connected and interdependent. The student is expected to compare ways that humans depend on, adapt to, and modify the physical environment, including the influences of culture and technology.
WG.22B (WG.22B) Social studies skills.The student communicates in written, oral, and visual forms. The student is expected to generate summaries, generalizations, and thesis statements supported by evidence.

6

Standard of Living

WG.5B (WG.5B) Geography. The student understands how political, economic, and social processes shape cultural patterns and characteristics in various places and regions. The student is expected to interpret political, economic, social, and demographic indicators (gross domestic product per capita, life expectancy, literacy, and infant mortality) to determine the level of development and standard of living in nations using the terms Human Development Index, less developed, newly industrialized, and more developed.
WG.8A (WG.8A) Geography.The student understands how people, places, and environments are connected and interdependent. The student is expected to compare ways that humans depend on, adapt to, and modify the physical environment, including the influences of culture and technology.
WG.22B (WG.22B) Social studies skills.The student communicates in written, oral, and visual forms. The student is expected to generate summaries, generalizations, and thesis statements supported by evidence.

7

Level of Development and Spatial Distribution

WG.5B (WG.5B) Geography. The student understands how political, economic, and social processes shape cultural patterns and characteristics in various places and regions. The student is expected to interpret political, economic, social, and demographic indicators (gross domestic product per capita, life expectancy, literacy, and infant mortality) to determine the level of development and standard of living in nations using the terms Human Development Index, less developed, newly industrialized, and more developed.
WG.8C (WG.8C) Geography.The student understands how people, places, and environments are connected and interdependent. The student is expected to evaluate the economic and political relationships between settlements and the environment, including sustainable development and renewable/non-renewable resources.
WG.22A (WG.22A) Social studies skills.The student communicates in written, oral, and visual forms. The student is expected to design and draw appropriate graphics such as maps, diagrams, tables, and graphs to communicate geographic features distributions, and relationships.
WG.22B (WG.22B) Social studies skills.The student communicates in written, oral, and visual forms. The student is expected to generate summaries, generalizations, and thesis statements supported by evidence.

8

Role of Women

WG.5B (WG.5B) Geography. The student understands how political, economic, and social processes shape cultural patterns and characteristics in various places and regions. The student is expected to interpret political, economic, social, and demographic indicators (gross domestic product per capita, life expectancy, literacy, and infant mortality) to determine the level of development and standard of living in nations using the terms Human Development Index, less developed, newly industrialized, and more developed.
WG.17C (WG.17C) Culture.The student understands the distribution, patterns, and characteristics of different cultures. The student is expected to compare economic, political, or social opportunities in different cultures for women, ethnic and religious minorities, and other underrepresented populations.
WG.22B (WG.22B) Social studies skills.The student communicates in written, oral, and visual forms. The student is expected to generate summaries, generalizations, and thesis statements supported by evidence.

1

Impact of History and Culture on Boundaries

WG.1A (WG.1A) History.The student understands how geography and processes of spatial exchange (diffusion) influenced events in the past and helped to shape the present. The student is expected to analyze the effects of physical and human geographic patterns and processes on the past and describe their impact on the present, including significant physical features and environmental conditions that influenced migration patterns and shaped the distribution of culture groups today.
WG.14A (WG.14A) Citizenship.The student understands the processes that influence political divisions, relationships, and policies. The student is expected to analyze current events to infer the physical and human processes that lead to the formation of boundaries and other political divisions.
WG.22B (WG.22B) Social studies skills.The student communicates in written, oral, and visual forms. The student is expected to generate summaries, generalizations, and thesis statements supported by evidence.

2

Political Boundaries – 20th Century Europe

WG.2A (WG.2A) Geography.The student understands how people, places, and environments have changed over time and the effects of these changes. The student is expected to describe the human and physical characteristics of the same regions at different periods of time to evaluate relationships between past events and current conditions.
WG.13B (WG.13B) Government. The student understands the spatial characteristics of a variety of global political units. The student is expected to compare maps of voting patterns or political boundaries to make inferences about the distribution of political power.
WG.14A (WG.14A) Citizenship.The student understands the processes that influence political divisions, relationships, and policies. The student is expected to analyze current events to infer the physical and human processes that lead to the formation of boundaries and other political divisions.
WG.22B (WG.22B) Social studies skills.The student communicates in written, oral, and visual forms. The student is expected to generate summaries, generalizations, and thesis statements supported by evidence.

3

Territorial Control – Geographical Factors

WG.14C (WG.14C) Citizenship.The student understands the processes that influence political divisions, relationships, and policies. The student is expected to analyze the human and physical factors that influence the power to control territory and resources , create conflict/war and impact international political relations of sovereign nations such as China, the United States, Japan, and Russia and organized nation groups such as the United Nations (UN), and the European Union (EU).
WG.18A (WG.18A) Culture.The student understands the ways in which cultures change and maintain continuity. The student is expected to analyze cultural changes in specific regions caused by migration, war, trade, innovations, and diffusion.
WG.22B (WG.22B) Social studies skills.The student communicates in written, oral, and visual forms. The student is expected to generate summaries, generalizations, and thesis statements supported by evidence.

4

Formation of Boundaries

WG.1A (WG.1A) History.The student understands how geography and processes of spatial exchange (diffusion) influenced events in the past and helped to shape the present. The student is expected to analyze the effects of physical and human geographic patterns and processes on the past and describe their impact on the present, including significant physical features and environmental conditions that influenced migration patterns and shaped the distribution of culture groups today.
WG.14A (WG.14A) Citizenship.The student understands the processes that influence political divisions, relationships, and policies. The student is expected to analyze current events to infer the physical and human processes that lead to the formation of boundaries and other political divisions.
WG.22B (WG.22B) Social studies skills.The student communicates in written, oral, and visual forms. The student is expected to generate summaries, generalizations, and thesis statements supported by evidence.

5

Impact of Colonization

WG.1A (WG.1A) History.The student understands how geography and processes of spatial exchange (diffusion) influenced events in the past and helped to shape the present. The student is expected to analyze the effects of physical and human geographic patterns and processes on the past and describe their impact on the present, including significant physical features and environmental conditions that influenced migration patterns and shaped the distribution of culture groups today.
WG.2B (WG.2B) Geography.The student understands how people, places, and environments have changed over time and the effects of these changes. The student is expected to explain how changes in societies have led to diverse uses of physical features.
WG.14A (WG.14A) Citizenship.The student understands the processes that influence political divisions, relationships, and policies. The student is expected to analyze current events to infer the physical and human processes that lead to the formation of boundaries and other political divisions.
WG.14B (WG.14B) Citizenship.The student understands the processes that influence political divisions, relationships, and policies. The student is expected to compare how democracy, dictatorship, monarchy, republic, theocracy, and totalitarian systems operate in specific countries.
WG.22B (WG.22B) Social studies skills.The student communicates in written, oral, and visual forms. The student is expected to generate summaries, generalizations, and thesis statements supported by evidence.

6

Forces of Cooperation – European Union

WG.1A (WG.1A) History.The student understands how geography and processes of spatial exchange (diffusion) influenced events in the past and helped to shape the present. The student is expected to analyze the effects of physical and human geographic patterns and processes on the past and describe their impact on the present, including significant physical features and environmental conditions that influenced migration patterns and shaped the distribution of culture groups today.
WG.14A (WG.14A) Citizenship.The student understands the processes that influence political divisions, relationships, and policies. The student is expected to analyze current events to infer the physical and human processes that lead to the formation of boundaries and other political divisions.
WG.22B (WG.22B) Social studies skills.The student communicates in written, oral, and visual forms. The student is expected to generate summaries, generalizations, and thesis statements supported by evidence.

7

Forces of Cooperation – Ethnic Minorities

WG.14A (WG.14A) Citizenship.The student understands the processes that influence political divisions, relationships, and policies. The student is expected to analyze current events to infer the physical and human processes that lead to the formation of boundaries and other political divisions.
WG.15A (WG.15A) Citizenship.The student understands how different points of view influence the development of public policies and decision-making processes on local, state, national, and international levels. The student is expected to identify and give examples of different points of view that influence the development of public policies and decision-making processes on local, state, national, and international levels.
WG.15B (WG.15B) Citizenship.The student understands how different points of view influence the development of public policies and decision-making processes on local, state, national, and international levels. The student is expected to explain how citizenship practices, public policies, and decision making may be influenced by cultural beliefs, including nationalism and patriotism.
WG.23B (WG.23B) Social studies skills.The student uses problem-solving and decision-making skills, working independently and with others, in a variety of settings. The student is expected to use case studies and GIS to identify contemporary challenges and to answer real-world questions.

8

Impact of Public Policy – Role of Women

WG.15A (WG.15A) Citizenship.The student understands how different points of view influence the development of public policies and decision-making processes on local, state, national, and international levels. The student is expected to identify and give examples of different points of view that influence the development of public policies and decision-making processes on local, state, national, and international levels.
WG.15B (WG.15B) Citizenship.The student understands how different points of view influence the development of public policies and decision-making processes on local, state, national, and international levels. The student is expected to explain how citizenship practices, public policies, and decision making may be influenced by cultural beliefs, including nationalism and patriotism.
WG.17C (WG.17C) Culture.The student understands the distribution, patterns, and characteristics of different cultures. The student is expected to compare economic, political, or social opportunities in different cultures for women, ethnic and religious minorities, and other underrepresented populations.
WG.22B (WG.22B) Social studies skills.The student communicates in written, oral, and visual forms. The student is expected to generate summaries, generalizations, and thesis statements supported by evidence.

9

Environmental Public Policy

WG.15A (WG.15A) Citizenship.The student understands how different points of view influence the development of public policies and decision-making processes on local, state, national, and international levels. The student is expected to identify and give examples of different points of view that influence the development of public policies and decision-making processes on local, state, national, and international levels.
WG.15B (WG.15B) Citizenship.The student understands how different points of view influence the development of public policies and decision-making processes on local, state, national, and international levels. The student is expected to explain how citizenship practices, public policies, and decision making may be influenced by cultural beliefs, including nationalism and patriotism.
WG.22B (WG.22B) Social studies skills.The student communicates in written, oral, and visual forms. The student is expected to generate summaries, generalizations, and thesis statements supported by evidence.